The Internet of Things means that physical devices can send, receive and exchange data over the internet. Smart home devices, industrial sensors, health trackers and smart city systems are common examples of IoT applications.

An IoT system usually consists of sensors, connectivity, data processing and a user interface. Sensors collect data, send it through a network and the data is then analyzed to create meaningful insights.

IoT improves daily life and increases efficiency in industrial environments. For example, factories can monitor machine status, measure energy consumption or predict maintenance needs.

Security is a major concern in IoT systems. Devices must be updateable, communication should be encrypted and unauthorized access must be prevented. In systems with many connected devices, weak security can create serious risks.